Apr 14, 2020 · Internal (Tissue) Respiration ; This is the oxidation of food substances within the cells leading to the release of energy, carbon(IV)oxide, and water. Discuss functions of the labeled parts. List substances transported in plants and animals. By the end of form two work, the learner should be able to: Define the term transport. transport of materials in living things. The ATP provides energy for cells. It is a biochemical process that occurs within the cells of organisms. Biology Notes Form 2. 2) Aerobic respiration 7. THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL OF TANZANIA FORM TWO NATIONAL ASSESSMENT. Breathing is. It is essential for life and involves many enzymes and pathways. The final product lactate can be further metabolised. It is. 0 Gaseous Exchange (36 Lessons) 8. Download new updated notes for form 2 biology, respiration from the new books approved by KICD. 3. Jul 15, 2024 · BIOLOGY FORM 2 TOPIC PAGE TRANSPORT IN PLANTS 2 TRANSPORT IN ANIMAL 16 GASEOUS EXCHANGE 45 RESPIRATION 66 EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS 82 Also read. Gaseous exchange involves passage of oxygen and carbon (IV) oxide through a respiratory surface by diffusion. formed from ADP a nd an inorganic phosphate (Pi) with an input of energy (such as from. Pyruvate is reduced to lactate by enzyme lactate dehydrogenase. 7. gaseous exchange and respiration Respiration is. Respiration can take place with oxygen ( aerobically) or without oxygen ( anaerobically ). Biotechnology & Genetic Modification. 4 Oxidative Decarboxylation of Pyruvic Acid Respiration in Plants Class 11 Biology Notes Chapter 14 Pdf free download was designed by expert teachers from the latest edition of NCERT books to get good marks […] Introduction. 3 Fermentation1. Internal structure of the root. 9. Excretion in Plants. C 6 H 12 0 6 + 6 O 2 → 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 0 + 2870kJ Define respiration. Lesson notes are important to teachers and learners because they contain what was learnt and objectives of each topic. 6 days ago · State one adaptation of the animals that uses the mode of feeding above. The notes are made from newly approved books and other materials by KICD and prepared by professionals. Protozoa such as amoeba depend on diffusion as a means of excretion. 00. Apr 30, 2018 · CELLULAR RESPIRATION. The functions of plasma include: Transport of red blood cells which carry oxygen. Fi Respiration. Anaerobic respiration is represented by the equation: Word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals – some bacterial cells respire in this way too. They are heterotrophs, some are saprophytic where others are parasitic 4. nutrition. Glycolysis. Chapter 5: Metabolism and Enzymes. This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of eleven (l 1) questions. 2) Write a word equ Oct 8, 2023 · The four main steps of aerobic respiration are glycolysis, pyruvate decarboxylation (link reaction), the Krebs cycle (Citric Acid Cycle or Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle), and the electron transport chain with oxidative phosphorylation. a crucial chemical reaction which has to take place in every cell of the body. Biology means “life knowledge”. Glucose + Oxygen =. Jul 21, 2021 · In what form is energy stored in muscles? (1mk) State the economic importance of anaerobic respiration in plants. C 6 H 12 0 6 + 6 O 2 → 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 0 + 2870kJ. (2 marks)    Explain why the body temperature of a healthy human being must rise Biology Notes Form 2 - Form Two Biology. These cannot be broken down further. Form 2 Biology End Term 2 Exams 2021. FORM II BIOLOGY END TERM OF TERM II. where, Patm, is the atmospheric pressure and Palv is the alveolar pressure. Lesson notes, class notes or simply notes are step-by-step guide into a specific lesson made by the teacher before the lesson. Link surface area to volume ratio of organisms to the transport system of the organism. Gaseous exchange. BOOK 2. 6: The structure of a mitochondrion is defined by an inner and outer membrane. It uses glucose and releases energy to provide the power for cell activity. This equation can also be shown as a balanced symbol equation The space enclosed by the inner membrane is called the matrix. At night, air diffuses into the air spaces, dissolve into the film of moisture; the oxygen diffuses into the cells along a concentration gradient. Chapter 1: Introduction to Biology and Laboratory Rules. Each molecule of ATP consists of adenine, a ribose sugar and three phosphates. It leads to the production of water and carbon dioxide. Custom Search. Biology Form 2. This energy from respiration is released by living cells as heat energy. Description. Oxygen in the air spaces in the soil dissolves in the film of moisture surrounding soil particles and diffuses into the root hair along a concentration gradient. BIOLOGY TOPICAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. Exhalation is breathing out air from the lungs. Chapter 8 : Respiratory System in Humans and Animals . ) WWTBAM 2 i Quiz 1 i Quiz 2 i Quiz EQ Experiment Pre Expt Qs: Post Expt Qs : Respiration EQ Respiration Procedure: Respiration Visual: Respiration T & S Notes Experiment Tip Web Link Neok12 A selection of activities on respiration TES Respiration activity and lesson plan BBC Simple treatment of respiration Class www. Biology Form 4. Draw the structure of roots and root hairs. 1 Biotechnology & Genetic Modification. Learn conveniently at your own pace anytime using your computer or phone. 18 exams and past papers. 2. Figure 5. They reproduce using spore 6. This is the oxidation/breakdown of food within cells to release energy. Instructions. Form 2 Biology Notes. Gaseous exchange occurs in the root hair of young terrestrial plants. They contain objectives of the topic. Chapter 7: Cellular Respiration. Sep 15, 2020 · The crucial events in aerobic respiration are: Complete oxidation of pyruvate by stepwise removal of all the hydrogen atoms, leaving 3 CO2 molecules. Jun 1, 2024 · biology notes form 2; classification of living things. 1 Energy & Feeding Relationships. Respiration is also the process of making ATP rather than breaking it down. (1mk) Name the part labeled A and state its function. . Used in glycolysis / anaerobic respirations. Both have ribose sugars. NAD has nicotinamide base. Price: KES : 50. A small amount of ATP is produced. Much less energy is released for each A-Level Biology notes chapter 12: respiration 12.  (8mks) Describe how carbon dioxide is produced by Respiring muscle cells reaches the alveolar cavities in mammalian lungs Biology Notes Form 2. There are two types of respiration, aerobic and anaerobic. KenyaNotes. As the oxidation of glucose is incomplete in anaerobic respiration much less energy is transferred than in aerobic respiration. Form 2 Biology End of Term 3 Examination 2021. It yields energy (ATP) which enables organisms to move, grow, excrete and reproduce. Here glucose molecule is completely oxidized into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water. breathing gets. Dec 29, 2022 · BIOLOGY FORM 2 NOTES. balance of nature. 2kg requires 216kJ while a mouse weighing 50g requires 2736KJ per day. TOPIC 4 : EXCRETION AND HOMOESTASIS – Click to view. It is the means by which cells convert organic molecules, primarily glucose, into adenosine triphosphate (ATP) – the universal currency of cellular energy. Whether you need to learn about aerobic or anaerobic respiration, glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain · Biology Form 2 Notes : EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS · Biology Form 2 Notes : GASEOUS EXCHANGE IN PLANTS(Respiration) AND ANIMALS · Biology Form 2 Notes : Syllabus and Complete summary concepts · Biology Form 2 Notes : TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS. Relate the internal structure of a root to its functions. Schemes of Work 2024. The second stage of cellular respiration, the Krebs cycle, takes place in the matrix. Describe the processes in the cell that require energy. 1 Topic 1 Respiration : The Basics1. TOPIC 1 : TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS – Click to view. Respiration: the process where energy stored in organic molecules is used to make ATP. 2. Download Form 2 Biology Notes for free at no cost. This can be represented by the following equation. Consumed: Glucose, 2 NAD +, 2 ADP + 2 Pi. Explain what happens when diaphragm muscles contract during breathing in Secondary, Biology: Biology. Biology derived from Greek words-BIOS meaning LIFE and LOGOS meaning STUDY or KNOWLEDGE. 033 BIOLOGY. Importance gaseous exchange. Buy Now. NAD can now be reused in glycolysis. In this instance, as much glucose as possible is Dec 31, 2021 · Aerobic respiration results in the formation of simple inorganic molecules, water and carbon (Iv) oxide as the by-products. 2 a) leaf parallel veined Cynodon. 19. At the end of the biology form 2 notes, we have added practice questions with diagrams to test your mastery of the chapters you have covered. It is used in respiration, and co 2 is produced. All living cells require oxygen and food for various metabolic processes. Pyruvate is the hydrogen acceptor. Included also are biology essay questions and answers. Briefly describe the role of Osmosis in living organisms (10 mks) Explain 5 factors affecting the rate of breating in human beings. Location: Cytoplasm. Form 2 Biology Mid Term 1 Examination 2023. Glucose equations. May 5, 2020 · This form of respiration occurs in the cytoplasm of cells and occurs without the presence of oxygen. B. 3 a) leaf with one lobe (simple) go to 4. Explain the significance of respiration in living organisms. ly/revisionkeSmart Tuition is available Too. An online platform that provides educational learning content for students and teachers in secondary schools. Time 2:30 Hours Year : 2021. Acts as a coenzyme / enables dehydrogenases to work. A reaction that gives out heat energy is known as an exothermic reaction. TOPIC 3 : RESPIRATION – Click to view. Get access to thousands of educational resources. (2mks) Name the field of biology that specializes in the study of the following; (3mks) Insects. December 29, 2022 MJ. b) leaf with many lobes (compound) Grevellea. Categories: Form 2 Topical Notes, Secondary School, Secondary School Notes, Secondary Topical Notes. Permanent slides of roots, microscope, wallchart. L. 35 Video Lessons. Answer all questions in sections A and B and one (1) question from section C. (4mks) A dog weighing 15. The third stage, electron transport, takes place on the inner membrane. Join Kenya's Largest Teachers Telegram Group with Over 80K Teachers FORM 1-4 CLASS 7-8 GRADE 1-6 PP1-PP2 KASNEB PTE. FORM TWO BIOLOGY. They are non-mobile Distinctive features of kingdom fungi 1. 8 Anaerobic Respiration for the AQA A Level Biology syllabus, written by the Biology experts at Save My Exams. 1 Human Impact: Biodiversity, Pollution & Conservation. Types and Characteristics of Respiratory surfaces. Produced: 2 Pyruvate, 2 NADH, 2 ATP. Study the diagram below. The energy that is released during the process is used to phosphorylate (add a phosphate) ADP to form ATP; The ATP provides energy for other biological processes in cells; The process of aerobic respiration using glucose can be split into four stages: Glycolysis; The Link reaction; The Krebs cycle Dec 29, 2022 · BIOLOGY FORM 2 NOTES. Plants have little accumulation of toxic waste especially nitrogenous wastes. Classification of Living Things II - Form 3 Biology Notes Lára has a particular interest in the area of infectious disease and epidemiology, and enjoys creating original educational materials that develop confidence and facilitate learning. Respiration is the reaction that produces the ATP needed for other metabolic reactions in cells. . Mr C Biology offers you comprehensive notes, diagrams, quizzes and videos to help you understand this topic and ace your exams. RESPIRATION It is the process by which food substances are chemically broken down in all living cells to release energy, CO2, water or alcohol. They have a large surface area to volume ratio for efficient diffusion. Form 2 Biology End of Term 3 Examination 2022. Respiration is a chemical reaction which happens in almost all cells in the body to produce energy from nutrient molecules. May 5, 2021 · 7. 21. 8 Anaerobic Respiration for the CIE A Level Biology syllabus, written by the Biology experts at Save My Exams. Gaseous Exchange Questions and Answers: Form 2 Biology. Biology Notes Form 2 – Form Two Biology. 6 days ago · K. Our bodies can only deliver so much oxygen to our muscle cells for aerobic respiration. Chapter 6: Cell Division. Form 4 Biology Notes. Learn; Quick Notes; Chapter 1 : Chapter 7 : Cellular Respiration . Transport dissolved food substances round the body. It is an enzyme-controlled reaction and is therefore sensitive to temperature and pH changes. Interrelationships between organism and their environment. 0. Transport metabolic wastes like nitrogenous wastes and carbon (IV) oxide in solution about 85% of the carbon (IV) oxide is carried in form of hydrogen carbonates. Questions and answers include; Respiration is a chemical reaction in which living cells release energy from glucose (food) by producing ATP. The biology questions and answers cover the following chapters; Transport in plants and animals, Respiration, Gaseous exchange in plants and animals, excretion and homeostasis. 1. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. 1 glycolysis aerobic respiration requires o2 to produce co2, h2o and atp anaerobic respiration takes place in Apr 14, 2020 · This entails two phases namely external and internal respiration External Respiration (Breathing) This is the taking in of oxygen (inspiration or inhalation) and giving out of C0 2 and water vapour (expiration or exhalation). comXI Biology 1 Revision Notes Class - 11 Biology Chapter 14 - Respiration in Plants The process in which oxygen along with the complex organisms combine and break down to form simpler substances and result in the release of energy is called respiration. Secondary Notes KES 199. It was found that the blood sugar regulation remained normal while food digestion was impaired. Click Here to get a full view of the notes below: Share this post. ATP is described as a universal energy currency. They store food as glycogen 5. It occurs on the inner membrane of mitochondria. OCR Module 5 Energy essential notes 5. EVALUATION. Anaerobic respiration takes place without the need of oxygen. C 6 H 12 O 6 +6O 6 →6H 2 O+6C0 2 +Energy (ATP) CONDITIONS Lára has a particular interest in the area of infectious disease and epidemiology, and enjoys creating original educational materials that develop confidence and facilitate learning. KSh 50. 2 0. Respiration is enzyme-controlled. glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water (+ energy) C6H1206 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H20 (+ 2870kJ) Autotrophs are organisms that are able to synthesise their own usable carbon compounds from carbon dioxide in the atmosphere through photosynthesis. Function of NAD in the cytoplasm of a cell: Acts as a hydrogen carrier. Aerobic respiration is the complete breakdown of glucose to release a relatively large amount of energy for use in cell processes and reactions. Carbon dioxide and water are produced as waste products as well as releasing useful cellular energy. Download these free notes in pdf/word formats and use them in your Biology class during teaching and/or revision. During inhalation the muscles of the diaphragm Contract, pulling the diaphragm downwards; As Energy released during the reactions of respiration is transferred to the molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ATP is a small and soluble molecule that provides a short-term store of chemical energy that cells can use to do work. Contents1 Respiration in Plants Class 11 Notes Biology Chapter 141. Textbook. Prepare for your exams with in-depth practice and revision materials covering various topics. ATP has three phosphates. Word equation for aerobic respiration. These Biology notes follows the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education Biology Form 2 syllabus. CLASS: FORM 2 TOPIC 2: GASEOUS EXCHANGE IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS. BIOLOGY - RESPIRATION AND GASEOUS EXCHANGE. Form 2 Biology End of Term 2 Examination 2022. 6 days ago · Show the steps (number and letter) in the key that you followed to arrive at the identify of the specimen. Active transport (carrier proteins, endocytosis and exocytosis) Anabolic reactions (biosynthesis reactions such as DNA replication, transcription and translation) Nov 17, 2016 · In the case of alcoholic fermentation, pyruvic acid undergoes an additional step in which it loses an atom of carbon in the form of CO 2. Biology 5. Answer all the questions. It is vital in linking energy-requiring and energy-yielding reactions. When a molecule of glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen, 2880 KJ of energy are produced (38 molecules of ATP). (2mks) State four ways in which respiratory surfaces are suited to their function. AEROBIC RESPIRATIONANSWERS FOR FORMATIVE PRACTICE 7. When we exercise vigorously, our muscles have a higher demand for energy than when we are resting or exercising normally. 1. Passing on of electrons removed as part of H-atoms to molecular O2 with simultaneous synthesis of ATP. 6 5. Metabolic processes in the cells produce excretory products which should be eliminated before they accumulate. 2 Respiration (a) the need for cellular respiration. These are called “respiratory organs”. Respiration is a chemical process that involves the breakdown of nutrient molecules (specifically glucose) in order to release the energy stored within the bonds of these molecules. Explain the necessity of transport in plants. 0 Transport in Plants and Animals (52 Lessons) 7. Get high quality Form 2 Biology video lessons created by professional teachers in Kenya. They have chitin in their cell wall 2. Cellular respiration is a fundamental biochemical process that occurs in all living cells, from the tiniest bacteria to the most complex multicellular organisms. Inhalation is breathing in air into the lungs. Download all the high school Biology Notes, for form 1, form 2, form 3, and form 4. The resulting intermediate molecule, called acetaldehyde, is then reduced to produce NAD+ plus ethyl alcohol. It diffuses from root hair cells into the cortex where it is used for respiration. Chapter 3: Movement of Substances Across Plasma Membrane. Available for different examination years and forms. Attempt Form 2 Biology questions on Transportation in Plants, Transportation in Animals, Gaseous Exchange in Plants, Gaseous Exchange in Animals (respiration), Excretion, Homeostasis. Nitrogenous waste and carbon (IV) oxide are highly concentrated in the organism hence they diffuse out. Air moves by bulk flow — from the region with high pressure to the region with low pressure. 0 Excretion and Homeostasis (42 Lessons) CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD NOTES Download newly updated notes for form 2 biology, gaseous exchange. 1) Conceptualise energy production from glucose during aerobic respiration in cells. b) leaf narrow Araicaria. Revision notes for the CIE IGCSE Biology syllabus, written by the Biology experts at Save My Exams. RESPIRATION – Form 2 Biology Notes. Respiration is an exothermic reaction. (1mk) SECTION C. (10 mks) MARKING SCHEME. Pages 1-2. Access a comprehensive collection of KCSE Biology topical questions and answers from Atika School. Lára has a particular interest in the area of infectious disease and epidemiology, and enjoys creating original educational materials that develop confidence and facilitate learning. In this session, questions on gaseous exchange will be solved. Human Influences on Ecosystems. Reference. They have eukaryotic cells with a rigid protective wall made of chiti 3. the mechanism of ventilation. It is the respiratory process where the electron is transferred to dioxygen molecules (O 2 ), generating water molecules and energy molecule ATP. Aerobic respiration is the process of breaking down a respiratory substrate in order to produce ATP using oxygen; The equation for aerobic respiration: glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy. Jul 21, 2021 · Questions In an investigation the pancreatic duct of a mammal was blocked. The answers will be provided in video format. This is made possible by the oxygen taken in through the breathing process. TOPIC 2 : GASEOUS EXCHANGE – Click to view. The biology notes cover various topics, as shown below. Chapter 4: Chemical Composition in a Cell. These substances must be transported to the cells. Aerobic respiration takes these processes to another level. 1 a) leaf broad go to 2. Available on Your Google Play Store : https://bit. Our notes have been prepared by qualified professional teachers. Transport is the movement of substances within an organism. Respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place within the cells of organisms. It stores biochemical energy within adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules. This is the process by which respiratory gases (oxygen and carbon IV Oxide) and water vapor are passed across the respiratory system. Biology Form 4 Notes. Read the notes online in form of PDF. oxygen into our bloodstream and gets rid of carbon dioxide. In this process, the energy (ATP-Adenosine triphosphate) is produced by the breakdown of glucose which is further used by cells to perform various functions. Gaseous exchange in mammals happens as a result of inhalation (or inspiration) and exhalation (or expiration). b) leaf net-veined go to 3. ATP has 1 ribose, while NAD has 2. 0 Respiration (18 Lessons) 9. SECTION A. Jul 15, 2024 · Jul 15, 2024. Homeostasis is a self-adjusting mechanism to maintain a steady state in the internal environment. Step 3. Add to cart. Form 2 Biology End of Term 2 Examination 2023. Both have adenine base. A lot of energy is produced. 20. The process of taking in oxygen into the body and carbon (IV) oxide out of the body is called breathing or ventilation. 2 – Respiration. 1 Energy for the CIE A Level Biology syllabus, written by the Biology experts at Save My Exams. The sole reactant (or substrate, since the reaction is catalyzed by enzymes in the cytoplasm) of the reaction is the organic compound (glucose), and the products will usually be carbon dioxide, considerably less energy than what is released in aerobic respiration (about 2 ATP), and another The mechanism of gaseous exchange in mammals. By the end of form two work, the learner should be able to: Define the term transport List substances transported in plants and animals Link surface area to volume ratio of organisms to the transport system of the organism Explain the necessity of transport in plants Draw the structure of roots and root 6 days ago · Updated Secondary School Notes form one to four Free Downloads (All subjects Comprehensive Notes) Physics free lesson plans for all topics (Form one to four) Introduction To Biology. Excretion and Homeostasis in Unicellular Organisms. Explain these observations. List the two phases of respiration in a named mammal; Discuss briefly the process of external respiration Nov 16, 2022 · This Topic is covered extensively on the Smart Revision App. vedantu. Class: Form 2 Topic 2: Gaseous exchange in plants and animals. It takes place in the matrix of mitochondria. The biology topical revision questions with answers cover various topics, as shown below. Chapter 2: Cell Biology and Cell Organisation. Flow rate can be found with: F = (Patm – Palv)/R. - Jul 21, 2021 · Questions Discuss how gaseous exchange occurs in Terrestrial Insects (9mks) Bony fish (11mks)    Explain how mammalian lungs are adapted for gaseous exchange. Name the apparatus (1mk) Suggest the use of the apparatus. Respiration. These biology form 2 notes are aggregated from the various high school approved text books, including KLB biology form 2, Finder biology form 2, etc. By the end of form two work, the learner should be able to: Define the term transport; List substances transported in plants and animals; Link surface area to volume ratio of organisms to the transport system of the organism; Explain the necessity of Ventilation is the exchange of air between the atmosphere and the alveoli. As photosynthesis takes place, oxygen is produced; some of it is used in respiration, which the rest diffuses out of the leaf through the stomata. Respiration usually occurs with the presence of oxygen (aerobic respiration), although it can occur in the absence of Secretion is the production and release of certain useful substances such as hormones, sebum and mucus produced by glandular cells. Chapter 9 : Apr 22, 2020 · BIOLOGY KSSM FORM 4CHAPTER 77. BIOLOGY FORM 2 NOTES KCSE – BIOLOGY FORM 2 NOTES 6. This energy can be used in a variety of processes including: Muscle contraction Protein synthesis. Heterotrophs don’t have this ability; they require a supply of pre-made For the preparation of national and local exams, get the entire biology Form 2 syllabus for free. Aerobic respiration is the breakdown of glucose in the presence of Aug 6, 2021 · Respiration is a metabolic process that occurs in all organisms. May 16, 2024 · Aerobic respiration is the cellular respiration process that occurs in the presence of oxygen. Anaerobic respiration mainly takes place in muscle cells during vigorous exercise. Drawing and labeling diagrams of sections of roots and root hairs for monocotyledon and dicotyledonous roots. BIOLOGY FORM ONE SUMMARIZED NOTES Biology Form one to four exams, notes and revision materials BIOLOGY FORM FOUR SUMMARIZED NOTES BIOLOGY FORM TWO SUMMARIZED […] Respiration : Respiration is a biochemical process of oxidation of organic compounds in an orderly manner for the liberation of chemical energy in the form of ATP Example : C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 → 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + 38 ATP (In this, the process of gaseous exchange takes place between the organism and the environment. 2 Topic 2 Respiration: The Mechanism1. Every living species, from a single-celled organism These Biology notes follows the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education Biology Form 4 syllabus. They have septate In this pathway reduced NAD transfers hydrogen to pyruvate to form lactate. The form 2 biological concepts that you can revise with these topical revision questions include; Transport in plants and animals. Revision notes on 12. The Need for Cellular Respiration. Glucose is broken down to release ATP, but if there is no glucose, glycogen (in animals) or starch (in plants) stores of glucose left, then Respiration is the process of releasing energy from organic molecules in living cells. Revision notes on 5. wf lf kq cs md gd od zi df iz