Esp32 library arduino ide download. Cari file yang sudah di-download sebelumnya.

After installing the SSD1306 library from Adafruit, type “ GFX ” in the search box and install the library. A library for easy implementing the Web interface constituting the WLAN for ESP8266 WiFi connection. Open Arduino IDE and plug the ESP32 Board to your computer. Text editor powered by tinymce. Note: This library is currently in beta. 4 GHz Wi-Fi-and-Bluetooth SoC (System On a Chip) designed by Espressif Systems. You can also use this guide with the ESP8266. 0-RC2 is based on the ESP-IDF v5. Arduino Nano ESP32 Mar 2, 2021 · This guide shows how to save data permanently on the ESP32 flash memory using the Preferences. Maintainer: Electronic Cats. This library can control a many types of servos. Jun 13, 2018 · Preparing the Arduino IDE. WiFiClient, EthernetClient, and GSMClient. It supports all Arduino Ethernet Client compatible hardware Oct 29, 2023 · Arduino IDE 2. 2 Apr 22, 2024 · Note: If you don’t see any port option there, try inserting the board into another USB port. After installing the ESP32 platform using the above Espressif Systems links, you will be prompted to restart the Arduino IDE - be sure to do so. You can find the example in your Arduino IDE. The SPIFFS filesystem is used to store files in the flash chip. Then the Library Manager will open and you will find a list of libraries that are already installed or ready for installation. You might also like reading: Learn ESP32 with Arduino IDE; ESP32 Bluetooth Classic with Arduino IDE – Getting Started; ESP32 Data Logging Temperature to MicroSD Download the Blynk app (App Store, Google Play) Get the Auth Token from the app; Import this library to Arduino IDE. Connect the ESP32-CAM board to your computer using an FTDI programmer. The Arduino ESP32 release candidate version 3. MQTT is a lightweight messaging protocol ideal for small devices. Mar 9, 2021 · ESP32 OTA (Over-the-Air) Updates – AsyncElegantOTA using Arduino IDE. This library is compatible with the all architecture. This library creates a web server that allows you to upload new firmware (a new sketch) to your board without the need to make a serial connection Bring up the Boards Manager utility. Mar 29, 2024 · esp32. The library is targeted at 32-bit processors, it has been performance optimised for RP2040, STM32, ESP8266 and ESP32 types, other 32-bit processors may be used but will use the slower generic Arduino interface calls. Apr 16, 2017 · There are many development platforms for ESP32 (ESP-WROOM-32). A client library for MQTT messaging. This software can be used with any Arduino board. * * To return - the password the user entered password is compared to. Supports mDNS (Registering Services) and DNS-SD (Service Discovery). 0. Communication. Click on “Install” to do just that. Now, the ESP32 is flashed with the new firmware. 0 board package in Arduino IDE. x again if you prefer it to 1. - mobizt/ESP-Mail-Client Installing the ESP32 Board in Arduino IDE (Windows, Mac OS X, Linux): There’s an add-on for the Arduino IDE that allows you to program the ESP32 using the Arduino IDE and its programming language. 2. Simply sownload its zip file and you can use any of these 6 Arduino boards. While continuing to hold down the “BOOT” button, click on the “Upload” button in the Arduino IDE. The library also supported other Arduino devices using Clients interfaces e. You signed out in another tab or window. Arduino library for interfacing with the BMP388 barometric pressure sensor which can be used for inferring altitude information. Then, load an example by going to File > Examples > Your project name - Edge Impulse > static_buffer > static_buffer. A single result should appear. 1 protocol and can be configured to use the older MQTT 3. Follow the next schematic diagram: Jan 8, 2022 · Include Library. In some situations, using Linux or Cygwin on Windows can be quite intimidating for beginners. Select the Communication Port, go to Tools > Port > (in my case it's COM15) 4. After that, a simple example will show you how to use ESP-IDF (Espressif IoT Development Framework) for menu configuration, then for building and flashing firmware onto an ESP32 board. Using the Library Manager. In a nutshell it can acts like a SDcard but using the internal flash memory. The ESP32 can scan for WiFi networks within its range and return the found networks’ SSIDs and signal strength for each network. You switched accounts on another tab or window. The Library Manager should open. After integrity checks the reference to the new firmware is configured in the bootloader; finally board resets to boot new firmware. Amazon Alexa support for ESP8266 and ESP32 Author: Paul Vint. Apr 27, 2024 · Cara Install Board ESP32 di Arduino IDE Versi 2. Maintainer: Patrick Lapointe. 107-Arduino-BMP388. Author: Neil Kolban. 0 RC2 based on ESP-IDF v5. It's a unofficial library and will be deleted when an official one be done by AutoConnect. mDNS Library for ESP32, ESP8266, nRF52, SAMD21, SAMD51, SAM DUE, STM32F/L/H/G/WB/MP1, Portenta_H7, AVR Mega, RP2040-based boards, etc. Open your Arduino IDE, and head over to File > Preferences. Open Arduino IDE, and click File -> Peferences. It makes use of the ESP32 PWM timers: the library can control up to 16 servos on individual channels No attempt has been made to support multiple servos per channel. Arduino E-Mail Client Library to send, read and get incoming email notification for ESP32, ESP8266 and SAMD21 devices. This means it Just Works with a growing number of boards and shields, including: Arduino Ethernet; Arduino Ethernet Shield; Arduino YUN – use the included YunClient in place of EthernetClient, and be sure to do a Bridge. Guide here; In Arduino IDE, select File -> Examples -> Blynk -> Boards_Ethernet -> Arduino_Ethernet; Update Auth Token in the sketch and upload it to Arduino; Connect your Arduino with Ethernet shield to the internet The extra parameters depend on the * HTTPAuthMethod mode: * * BASIC_AUTH enteredUsernameOrReq contains the username entered by the user * param [0] password entered (in the clear) * param [1] authentication realm. . PlatformIO is an emerging ecosystem for IoT development, and is an alternative to using the Arduino IDE. 107-Arduino-BoostUnits. 0). ) The Arduino IDE provides an excellent library package manager where versions of libraries can be downloaded and installed. Look for the board called Adafruit Feather ESP32-S2. Refer to the Arduino IDE 1. 0; 3. (or add it manually in idf_component. This is a fully asynchronous TCP library, aimed at enabling trouble-free, multi-connection network environment for Espressif's ESP32 MCUs. 0 Feb 1, 2019 · This tutorial shows how to use the I2C LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) with the ESP32 using Arduino IDE. Author: Electronic Cats. Choose the board, the COM port, hold down the BOOT button, click upload, and keep your finger on the BOOT button pressed. You signed in with another tab or window. It is a wrapper of esp32-camera library . For special code library, search for “HELTEC ESP32” in Library Manager, select the latest version and install MDNS_Generic. This library is compatible with the esp8266, esp32 architectures. How to install ESP32 board for Arduino IDE. Follow the next steps to upload code to the ESP32: 1) Plug your ESP32 board in your computer; 2) In the Arduino IDE select your board in Tools > Board (in our case we’re using the ESP32 DEVKIT DOIT board); 3) Select the COM port in Tools > Port. Select the ESP32 board from Tools > Board > ESP32 Dev module. To use this library, open the Library Manager in the #16 สอนใช้งาน Arduino ติดตั้ง Library ในโปรแกรม Arduino IDE เชื่อมต่อกับ Sensor ต่างๆ อย่างง่าย วิธีที่ 2 #17 สอนใช้งาน Arduino วัดค่าอุณหภูมิด้วย Sensor DS18B20 Press and hold down the “BOOT” button. Mar 16, 2022 · Click the Install button and wait for it to finish. Take a look at Installing ESP32 in Arduino IDE (Windows, Mac OS X, Linux) | Random Nerd Tutorials, ensure that you install the package core correctly first. Add a dependency on espressif/esp32-camera component: idf. Look for the Adafruit Feather ESP32 V2. Allows ESP32 boards to control servo, tone and analogWrite motors using Arduino semantics. Releases. Apr 2, 2019 · Now, you can upload the code and and the web server will work straight away. Installing . 0 (latest) The Arduino programming language Reference, organized into Functions, Variable and Constant, and Structure keywords. Software & Hardware Needed. Read the documentation MPU6050. By following these steps, you should be able to successfully upload your sketch to your ESP32 board. In Arduino IDE open Sketch->Include Library->Manage Libraries then search for DHT ESP In PlatformIO open PlatformIO Home, switch to libraries and search for DHT ESP32. For Arduino NANO 33 IoT, Arduino MKR WiFi 1010, Arduino MKR VIDOR 4000, Arduino Nano RP2040 Connect, we recommend to use new async FirebaseClient library instead of this old Firebase-Arduino-WiFiNINA library. Windows 10, 11. 1. Pilih dan klik . You can run multiple boards with the same code. 2 days ago · A list of the 899 libraries in the architecture esp32. h library from the ESP32 Core Installation. Intended to be used with an ESP8266 an ESP32. Maintainer: Volodymyr Shymanskyy. You’ll find a sample code example in Arduino IDE for ESP32 WiFi Scanner. The Arduino programming language Reference, organized into Functions, Variable and Constant, and Structure keywords. Device Control. Mar 17, 2020 · Testing your ESP32 Board. Click the network tab, then Click the auto-proxy 'radio button' there. First, make sure you have an ESP32 board selected in Tools > Board. The library uses the Arduino Ethernet Client api for interacting with the underlying network hardware. Arduino MKR FOX 1200. 0 7. With this library to make a sketch which connects from ESP8266 to the access point at runtime by the web interface without hardcoded SSID and password. This library allows OTA (Over-The-Air) firmware updates for ESP32 boards. BLE functions for ESP32 This library provides an implementation Bluetooth Low Energy support for the ESP32 using the Arduino platform. Arduino Library for Proteus V2. An installation tutorial for the Arduino IDE can be Preferred installation method is to use the Arduino IDE Library Manager. Add The Board URL to Arduino IDE Open Arduino IDE (I am using version 1. py add-dependency "espressif/esp32-camera". h library. Connect to an NTP server, here is how: const char *password = "<PASSWORD>" ; // By default 'pool. , Wi-Fi, Ethernet, and GSM/4G modules. In this guide, you’ll learn how to do over-the-air (OTA) updates to your ESP32 boards using the AsyncElegantOTA library. 5” SPI display with Touch, with plenty of GPIO breakout for external usage, so pretty suitable for this learning. A library that provides a wifi and MQTT connection to an ESP8266/ESP32 This library allow to connect and manage the connection to a wifi network and a MQTT broker. In this example, we use Arduino IDE to program the ESP32-CAM board. If you don’t have the ESP32 installed, you can follow the next tutorial: We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Mar 30, 2021 · Download Arduino Nano Library for Proteus V2. This library is compatible with the esp8266, esp32, sam, samd, stm32, STM32F1, STM32F4, teensy, avr, megaavr, mbed_nano, mbed_rp2040, rp2040 architectures so you should be able to use it on the following Arduino boards: Arduino Micro. Doxygen documentation. zip: บทที่ 1 ติดตั้งโปรแกรม Arduino และ libraries ESP32. SOURCE CODE. Masuklah ke Arduino IDE, kemudian klik Menu Sketch > Include Library > Add . ESP32 is a single 2. 4 (latest) 1. There are thousands of libraries available for download directly through the Arduino IDE, and you can find all of them listed at the Arduino Library Reference. Search for “ESP32” in the text box. The HTTPClient library provides a simple example showing how to make HTTPS requests with the ESP32. begin() first To do so, add the library and open an example, open the Arduino IDE and: Choose Sketch > Include Library > Add . MQTT library that supports the FONA, ESP8266, ESP32, Yun, and generic Arduino Client hardware. The library also supports other network shields or modules e. Download โปรแกรม Arduino IDE ที่ใช้สำหรับเขียนคำสั่งในการใช้งาน สามารถเข้าไปที่ ลิงค์ต่อไปนี้ https://www Oct 19, 2019 · 1. Apr 4, 2023 · To install a new library into your Arduino IDE you can use the Library Manager (available from IDE version 1. Back to top. Download ESPEasy Sources¶ The sources can be downloaded from GitHub as ZIP file. 0; 0. h library is useful to save data like network credentials, API keys, threshold values, or even the last state of a GPIO. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. 2). Arduino Due. To install a new library into your Arduino IDE you can use the Library Manager (available from IDE version 1. Espressif-IDE 3. In this guide, we will use the latest version of the IDE 2. SPIFFS library for ESP32 Arduino. The upload speed can be changed: faster speed makes Nov 22, 2021 · This is not a library, so it is normal and expected that you will not find it in Library Manager. This library is the base for ESPAsyncWebServer. 1 ( release notes) and is major release supporting new version of ESP-IDF 5. Then search for Neopixel strip using the search bar. 1 Like. Kemudian pada bagian Additional Boards เมื่อรอติดตั้งเสร็จให้เข้า Tools > Board แล้วเราก็จะเห็นชื่อ ESP32 Arduino เพียงเท่านี้เราก็จะอัพโปรแกรมลงบอร์ด ESP32 ได้แล้ว Jun 11, 2024 · This is an excerpt from our course: Learn ESP32 with Arduino IDE. So, you need to have Arduino IDE installed as well as the ESP32 add-on. esp32, sam, samd, stm32, open the Library Manager in the Arduino IDE and install it from there Feb 21, 2022 · I want to include the WebServer. Because of that, code in this repository is outdated and it should not be used for new designs. com for details Author: Simone Salerno. Using the Arduino IDE is a more user-friendly approach. NTPClient. 8. To use the Arduino Nano ESP32 board, you will need to install the Nano ESP32 board package, which is part of the Arduino ESP32 Core. Type “ SSD1306 ” in the search box and install the SSD1306 library from Adafruit. Reload to refresh your session. Library telah masuk. Ethernet_Generic library is used as default for Arduino IDE 1. 3. Release the “BOOT” button once the upload process has begun. ESP32 BLE for Arduino (This repository is kept for archive. side of the orange bar in the Arduino IDE: names and I don't wanna download the esp32cam: OV2640 camera on ESP32-CAM. It features all the state-of-the-art characteristics of low-power chips, including fine-grained clock gating, multiple power modes,and dynamic power ESP32Servo. Support Devices:M5StickC, M5StickC Plus, M5Stack BASIC, M5Stack GRAY, M5Stack FIRE, M5Stack Core2, M5Stack ATOM Lite, M5Stack ATOM Matrix, M5Stack ATOM ECHO. With an oscilloscope, you can also check that the signal is neat, and in-time; Adafruit MQTT Library. ESP32 is designed for mobile, wearable electronics, and Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. Dec 15, 2022 · ESP32 HTTP Requests using HTTPClient Library. There’s an add-on for the Arduino IDE that allows you to program the ESP32 using the Arduino IDE and its programming language. 0 In the Arduino IDE, navigate to Sketch > Include Library > Manage Libraries; Then the Library Manager will open and you will find a list of libraries that are already installed or ready for installation. BLE code is now included in Arduino directly. We need to add that for our ESP32 board. This Arduino library supports Wifi Management for Esp32. Arduino IDE: Download and install the Arduino IDE 1. This library is automatically “installed” when you install the ESP32 add-on in your Arduino IDE. 1 Pre-release. ESP32 Lite Pack Library. 1 (latest) 0. Jika library sudah dapat masuk, maka akan ditampilkan keterangan seperti berikut. Get Started. Size: 4. Now, click on Sketch -> Include Library -> Add . 1. Follow one of the next tutorials to prepare your Arduino IDE to work with the ESP32, if you haven’t already. It can use in both sync and async operations. g. 0 Arduino Library for Proteus contains all 6 Arduino boards. Husarnet for ESP32 has undergone a major refactor making it compatible with the latest upstream core codebase, latest ESP-IDF releases and newest Espressif microcontrollers. Arduino Mega. Open File > Examples > WiFi > WiFiScan sketch. Choose Firebase-ESP-Client-main. 4. 19, you could then switch back to using Arduino IDE 2. Download the Ubidots library here. Sensors. Apr 4, 2014 · Manual installation. The ESP32 Feather V2 is a significant redesign of the original! It includes 8MB of flash, 2MB of PSRAM, a NeoPixel, a user button switch, a STEMMA QT port, and much more! The ESP32 has both WiFi and Bluetooth Classic/LE support, making it perfect for just Jan 7, 2022 · Watch the video to learn how to install the ESP32 board library in the Arduino IDE. Cari file yang sudah di-download sebelumnya. Once it is finished, you can close the dialog. 0 Installing the ESP32 Board in Arduino IDE; Program ESP32-CAM (Upload Code with Arduino IDE) To upload code to the ESP32-CAM (AI-Thinker) using Arduino IDE, follow the next exact steps. The same thing applies to “Audio Streams”: You can read audio data from “Audio Sources” and you write them to “Audio Sinks” . These instructions also work for PlatformIO, if you are using framework=espidf. Maintainer: Simone Salerno. It supports the latest MQTT 3. See these excellent tutorials: How to install ESP8266 board for Arduino IDE. We all know the Arduino Print and Stream classes: We usually use them to write out print messages and sometimes we use them to read the output from Serial, Files, Ethernet, etc. yml of your project) Enable PSRAM in menuconfig (also set Flash and PSRAM frequiencies to 80MHz) Include esp_camera. When the Arduino IDE starts sending the code, you can release the button and wait for the flashing process to be completed. x will recognize any platforms you install using Arduino IDE 1. Boards platforms are installed via the Arduino IDE's Boards Manager, not Library Manager. Read the documentation. runaway_pancake April 4, 2022, 12:10pm 7. In some configurations, it can be needed to LiquidCrystal I2C Arduino library, with added method for rewiring SCL and SDA on ESP32 - iakop/LiquidCrystal_I2C_ESP32 Releases. open the Library Manager in the Arduino IDE and install it from there. This library is compatible with the esp32 architecture. Install WiFiManager using the platformio library manager in your editor, or using the PlatformIO Core CLI , or by adding it to your platformio. Nov 25, 2021 · Click the Install button and wait for it to finish. Windows instructions – ESP32 Board in Arduino IDE You signed in with another tab or window. Using the Preferences. Or Null on fail. ntp. Go to repository. For Arduino IDE, download zip file from the repository (Github page) by select Code dropdown at the top of repository, select Download ZIP. 5” display breakout pins 5/18/19/21, and download the sketch to Makerfabs ESP32 3. Universal Online Installer 2. If you like ESP32 and you want to learn more about it, we recommend enrolling in Learn ESP32 with Arduino IDE course. h>. Apr 3, 2022 · Dozie April 4, 2022, 9:40am 6. Maintainer: Dariusz Krempa. 0 has support for ESP RainMaker. Then, go to File > Examples > HTTPClient > BasicHttpsClient. MPU6050 Arduino Library. This library is compatible with all architectures so you should be able to use it on all the Arduino boards. zip that previously downloaded. Saat tutorial ini dibuat, saya menggunakan Arduino IDE versi 2. 19; Install the ESP32 Library at Fill-->Preference-->Additional Boards Manager URLs The comprehensive Arduino Email Client Library to send and read Email for Arduino devices. Releases ESP32 Scan WiFi Networks. using Ethernet W5x00, ESP WiFi, WiFiNINA or ESP8266-AT shields. ESP8266/ESP32 WLAN configuration at runtime with web interface. Compare. 1 if needed. This library allows you to send and receive MQTT messages. We’ll show you how to wire the display, install the library and try sample code to write text on the LCD: static text, and scroll long messages. OTA binaries are downloaded via WiFi and stored in the OTA flash partition. MPU-6050 6-axis accelerometer/gyroscope Arduino Library. Click on the text area and then select the specific version and install it. 5” display board: You will see the LEDs blinks, and the display counts with stop/start touch. In the Tools → Board submenu you should see ESP32 Arduino and in that dropdown it should contain the ESP32 boards along with all the latest ESP32-S2/S3 boards. Arduino Release v3. Preferences library for Arduino, ESP8266 and Particle Gen3 devices Author: Volodymyr Shymanskyy. Now paste the following link in the additional Boards Manager URLs and press Ok. To install it, you will need the Arduino IDE, which you can download from the Arduino Software page. Select your Board in Tools > Board menu (in my case "DOIT ESP32 DEVKIT V1") 3. Open the example code for testing your ESP32, go to Examples > WiFi > WiFiScan. Active development of the Arduino software is hosted by GitHub. The ESP32 board Packages version 2. Follow the next tutorial to install the ESP32 add-on, if you haven’t already: Installing ESP32 Board in Arduino IDE 2 (Windows, Mac OS X, Linux) 2. This library has been tested with AI Thinker ESP32-CAM board and OV2640 camera. Buka Preferences melalui menu File > Preferences atau gunakan shortcut Ctrl + Koma (,) . Or install the library in the terminal with platformio lib install 2029. In the Figure below, the ESP32 support is already installed in my Arduino IDE, so the “Install” button is inactive. Open your Arduino IDE and go to Sketch > Include Library > Manage Libraries. This library provides a virtual file system (VFS) implementation of SPIFFS to Arduino ESP32. 3. In this Mar 8, 2024 · This page (Downloads) was last updated on Mar 08, 2024. ESP32LitePack, M5Lite, A lightweight compatibility library. ZIP Library. Arduino Leonardo. Sebenarnya beberapa cara lainnya yang bisa digunakan PubSubClient. Arduino Google Sheet REST client library for Arduino devices. For manual installation download the archive, unzip it and place the DHTesp folder into the library Arduino_ESP32_OTA. 2 MB. Filename Release Date File Size; Esp32WifiManager-1. h library in your code, as follows: #include <WiFi. Click on the Boards Manager icon on the left side of the Arduino, and enter “ heltec esp32 ” in the search box that pops up. May 15, 2023 · This module is based on ESP32 3. Use your Esp32-cam like an expert Follow the project at eloquentarduino. The data held in the flash memory persists across resets or power failures. To download the source from Github instead, click "Clone or download" above, then "Download ZIP. h in your code. " After uncompressing, rename the resulting folder Adafruit_SSD1306. Maintainer: Paul Vint. Jun 15, 2024 · 1. 0. ESP-IDF Windows Installer Download Open Source IoT Development Framework for ESP32. Compatibility. x documentation for installation instructions. Cari File Library. 19, so if you are able to successfully install the ESP32 boards platform using Arduino IDE 1. 0 Caution. To use this library, open the Library Manager in the Arduino IDE and install it from there. This release introduce breaking changes and support for new SoCs, ESP32-H2 and ESP32-C6. Installing the ESP32 board in the Arduino IDE is very easy. Select the ZIP file, and then click the Choose button. Simple MQTT library that supports the bare minimum to publish and subscribe to topics. From Arduino IDE, select menu Sketch -> Include Library -> Add . Feb 12, 2021 · The first thing you need to do to use the ESP32 Wi-Fi functionalities is to include the WiFi. org' is used with 60 seconds update interval and // no offset. 6. Dependecy : PubSubClient library Author: Patrick Lapointe. Search for the ESP32 module in the Boards Manager. Downloads. Just copy and Async TCP Library for ESP32 Arduino. Install the ESP32 add-on. Go to Sketch/Program -> Include Library -> Library Manager and install the PubSubClient library. Arduino library for providing boost::units for the Arduino platform. In the Tools → Board submenu you should see ESP32 Arduino and in that dropdown it should contain the ESP32 boards along with all the latest ESP32 boards. It is a boards platform. To install it, follow the instructions here: Arduino IDE Prerequisites¶ For building ESPEasy in Arduino IDE, you need to install the board manager and ESP8266/ESP32 library. esp32cam library provides an object oriented API to use OV2640 camera on ESP32 microcontroller. 19. The new library provides simpler APIs interface, faster and more reliable operations. Open the IDE and click to the "Sketch" menu and then Include Library > Manage Libraries. To install the Library Builder into your environment, please, follow the instructions below. 3 Berikut adalah cara install board ESP32 di Arduino IDE versi 2. Buka Arduino IDE versi 2. And if the issue persists, you need to install the Arduino board driver follow these steps as shown in this link. ZIP library. Clone the ESP32 Arduino lib builder: A feature rich Arduino IDE compatible graphics and fonts library for 32-bit processors. , then select the latest version and click install . Connect 4 LEDs (with resistor, such as 100 ohm)serial connected to ESP32 3. 0 (latest) 3. 27. electricalman November 1, 2023, 11:09am 5. ini as shown below (recommended approach). // You can specify the time server pool and the offset, (in seconds) // additionally you can specify the update interval (in milliseconds). [中文] This document is intended to help you set up the software development environment for the hardware based on the ESP32 chip by Espressif. The open-source Arduino Software (IDE) makes it easy to write code and upload it to the board. Here's the link to download zip file of Arduino Proteus Library: Download Arduino Library for Proteus V2. In this tutorial we’ll show you how to install the ESP32 board in Arduino IDE whether you’re using Windows, Mac OS X or Li… Install ESP32 2. 2. ha td wa ez lu in ca kx iq dg