Natural gas pipeline volume calculator excel download. ρ=specific gravity in kg/m3.

Natural Gas Pipeline Sizing. The value is the same in any of the commonly used units, lbm/lbmole, g/mole, or kg/kgmole. Velocity through pipe. Calculation of LNG and LPG liquid density. This document provides calculations for determining the volume of nitrogen required to purge or pressure test pipes, tanks, and furnaces. In general it is common to set. u m =mean velocity in m/s. Solution: As calculated in Example #1, Re = 1. ”. Elevated velocities can lead to erosion of the pipe interior over time. Rawhide Leasing owns and maintains more than 60 high pressure tube Real-time graphics. 3058 kg. Flow rate in pipe for given pressure. volume = π × d 2 4 × h. 0764) = 0. 35mm Copper Pipe 32mm Copper Pipe 28mm Copper Pipe 22mm Copper Pipe 15mm Copper Pipe 12mm Copper Pipe 10mm Copper Pipe 8mm Copper Pipe 1. 008 for propane) L = pipe length, ft 2313 = conversion factor. Example Spreadsheet for Natural Gas Pipeline Flow Calculations. The gas leaks out a hole of diameter d (or crack of area A) at flow rate W, velocity V2, Mach number M2, pressure P2, and temperature T2. Nov 26, 2018 · FM200 Firefighting Gas Calculation Excel Sheet xls. Average Pressure. Feb 1, 2022 · In this study, two numerical methods of modeling transient flow in a single natural-gas pipeline are analyzed and compared. 72) / (0. Direct: 713-956-8022. Design Codes for Pressure Piping. The depressuring or blowdown is assumed to be adiabatic and the heat exchange with the environment is neglected. We simply find the. s. Choose the relevant sheet, input valve and flow data, and instantly compute the required Cv for your desired flow at the necessary pressure drop. This calculation program on Excel makes it possible to dimension and carry out the calculation of the pressure losses on the distribution systems of combustible gas use such as for example for the gas feeding of generators of heat. Nov 22, 2016 · Pipe WT, cost and span calculator Short Description: The program calculates pipe wall thikness, cost (user entry $/ton) and allowed max span acording to ASME B31. volume = π × r 2 × h. Eq. A pipeline system is more like a pure transport medium between two geographical positions. Stored and transported gases include, air, argon, carbon monoxide, helium, hydrogen, natural gas, neon, nitrogen and oxygen. P b is the base pressure in psia. Equations commonly used for natural gas pipeline flow calculations This tried-and-true program is perfect for building your first sales pipeline. Chemical Engineering, for the U. 02. Specifically, the pressure-based finite-volume method (FVM)—which uses The Pipe Flow Gas Pipe Diameter App calculates the minimum size of pipe diameter that allows a given gas flow rate within a specified pressure drop. com The volume of a pipe is measured in litres (L), metres cubed (m³), or gallons (gal). 5 - 0. Molecular Weight - The molecular weight of a gas is the mass per mole. 1 bar moving from the tank to the pipe that is open atmosphere. Diameter in INCHES: 2. Includes 53 different calculations. P 2 is the outlet pressure in psia. as per equation III-1 from ASME PCC-2 Appendix 501-III. While every effort has been made to present accurate Natural Gas Distribution (Federally regulated under CFR Tile 49, Part 192)* 0. Slopes, volumes, velocities and capacities of pipes flowing full. , using the Weymouth Equation ), viscosities (e. Engineers need the compressibility factor to calculate natural gas flowrates (e. g. For example, if you know volume flow rate of some ideal gas at some predefined pressure and temperature (like at normal conditions p=101325 Pa and T=273. Excel calculator. Capacity Sizing natural gas pipes 2 days ago · Sync NGI Data to Excel; Natural Gas Converter; 2Q24 N. Enter OP (operating pressure in mbar) as 21Enter. 0314 × 997 = 31. 45 and 4. Pipe lengths and fittings are shown in the calculation table. Finally, enter the information found above into the equation to find the volume of the pipe. gas pipeline blow down blowdown time calculator calculation excel. ΔP (maximum acceptable working pressu. or S. To do piping size calculation, follow these steps: Find the inner diameter and length of the pipe, in inches or millimeters. You can also choose the unit of pressure of your choice in the study: Pa (Pascal) Pounds per square foot (lbf/sq ft) = 47. While the formula works well, the pipeline volume calculator simplifies the process and even reduces the risk of The 2007 revised guidance states that pressure drops are "best obtained by direct calculation using the method explained in section 4. 1 short ton = 18,820,000 Btu ( based on U. G is the specific gravity of the natural gas relative to air. P o = √ P 2 - m 2 ( f d. P = 2πr – S = 2πr – rθ. Equations displayed for easy reference. Natural Gas - Pipe Sizing Calculator Calculate capacities and dimensions of natural gas pipe lines. The spreadsheet is designed by Dar El Handasa and brought tot you by MEP WORK. This flow is turbulent since Re > 4000, so: Le/D = Le/0. ΔH s =pressure drop due to pipe singularity in m. It applies to all the types of pipes and particularly holds account operating conditions and specific characteristics on the pipes, such as: The temperature of gas distribution. of water. It applies to all the types of pipes and particularly holds account operating conditions and specific Once we review your information, we’ll follow up as soon as possible and provide you the most accurate quote or an answer to your question. Best feature: Clean design and easy customization options. Sizing low pressure natural gas pipe lines - Imperial units. 16. This Excel spreadsheet helps you calculate pressures and flowrates using the the Weymouth Equation, a relationship usually used in long-distance natural gas pipelines. Free Sales Pipeline Template from Salesmate. Supports natural gas composition up decane or C6+ properties. All calculators and functions are available for subscribed users. Our easy-to-use tool streamlines the design process and provides detailed, accurate, CIBSE-verified results. Calculate the mass and volume flows in this pipe. Section 107 includes gas from tight sands, completions below 15,000 feet, Devonian shale, coal seams, or geopressured brine. 67990484254466 inches water . Gas Flow Rate Calculation Results Tapping "Calculate Flow Rate" calculates the gas flow rate for the specified pressure loss. T b is the base temperature in o R. The handbook was prepared by the National Bureau of Standards, Center for. 26 MJ/m3) steel pipes schedule 40. ep area (more head loss → less pressure)Add break pressure box: both the static pressure and. The solution to the equations is iterative; you need Re to calculate C, but you need Q to calculate Re, but you need C to calculate Q. Calculates pond volumes based on surface area and elevation. a. The Weymouth Equation gives more conservative results than the Panhandle equations, and is hence more frequently used. 028\ in^3 0. High pressure blowdown leads to low temperatures within the fluid and high vent rates due to larger gas inventory volumes. Fluid Density [kg/m^3] The flow is: An orifice plate is a thin plate with a hole, typically positioned within a pipe to restrict flow. txt) or read online for free. 3. 44 wt in Stoner Pipeline Simulator with natural gas and a CNGA compressibility factor for 0. You can use this calculator for all three types of nozzles covered in standards: ISA 1932 nozzle, long radius nozzle, and Venturi nozzle. 1 . Now, the length of the pipe must be determined. Clear. Make the calculations and see the changes. 5 × (50 / (0. If you need to calculate the volume of natural gas in pipelines or liquid fuel, use our pipeline fill volume calculator to make things easy! LNG - Liquefied Natural Gas LNG or Liquefied Natural Gas. 32 ** Fluids such as solvating/permeating chemicals in pipe or soil (typically hydrocarbons) in 2% or greater concentrations, natural or other fuel-gas liquid condensates, crude oil, fuel oil, gasoline, diesel, kerosene, hydrocarbon fuels 0. 29 kJ/s) energy content in natural gas 1000 Btu/ft3 (37. 5 inches water column. It describes using the spreadsheet to calculate flow rates with the Weymouth, Panhandle A, and Panhandle B equations. It is valid for steady-state adiabatic (isothermal) flow. Volume = pi x radius² x length. The flow rate of LPG can be presented as mass flow rate, volume flow rate of the liquid phase or as a volume flow rate of the gas phase at standard conditions. Runoff by the NRCS method. θ = 2 arccos [ (r – h)/r ] A = πr 2 – K = πr 2 – r 2 (θ – sinθ)/2. xls), PDF File (. D is the diameter of the pipe. The individual pressure losses for each item are displayed on the results screen. Thus, the volume of a pipe is equal to pi times the pipe diameter d squared over 4, times the length of the pipe h . Consider a scenario where you need to determine the size of a pipe for a gas flow of 500 cfh, with a pressure drop of 0. This requires the use of Excel's Goal Seek. Solution: The gas density can be calculated with equation (1). Bernoulli principle. You can use Maple Flow to implement ASME B31 pipe codes for pressure piping, as well as their international equivalents (such as AS4041, BS 010230 and DNVGL-ST-F101). To calculate the volume of a pipeline, you can use the following simple formula: where: V is the volume of the pipeline (in cubic meters, cubic feet, liters, etc. Lm = length of pipe (miles) Tavg = average temperature (R) - calculated as arithmetic mean in between beginning and end of pipe if temperature does not change by more than 10F. better understanding of gas metering principles and the computations involved. Additionally, the pressure drop due to friction ΔP can be The purpose of the handbook is to promote a. Based on the actual situation of China’s natural gas market, a model is established for optimizing the operation of a multigas source pipe network under the energy metering system and volume metering system by considering the implementation plan of the energy metering system and the demand for natural gas from special users, and taking Mar 29, 2011 · The equations below are those used, together with the Manning equation and Q = VA, in the partially full pipe flow calculator (Excel spreadsheet) for flow depth more than pipe radius, as shown below. L=length of pipe in m. Jul 26, 2020 · How to calculate the capacity of a natural gas pipe? The capacity of a low pressure natural gas (less than 1 psi, 6. In your table of calculation you can add or withdraw lines of calculation, without deteriorating the phases of calculations. New version of Online Calculator is available: www. Download free FM200 calculation Excel sheet for calculating the weight of FM 200 gas needed for fire suppression system. 012 for natural gas, 0. Natural Gas Volume (Estimated) Supercritical CO 2 Mass (Estimated) Petroleum Liquids Volume (Estimated) Formula Options. ) π (pi) is a mathematical constant approximately equal to 3. Within both are elements of the other. Conversion: 1 in-water = 0. Using the friction factor, the head loss due to friction hf, which is the pressure lost as the fluid flows through the pipe, can be calculated using the following equation: where L is the length of the pipe, with SI units of m, and g is gravitational acceleration, equal to 9. mm. Pressure Differential [Pa] Orifice Cross-Sectional Area [mm^2] Orifice Plate Flow Coefficient. 66 m^3. 88026 Pa. D H =Hydraulic diameter in m. 13938 Chrisman Road. q = natural gas volume flow (cfh) h = pressure drop (in Water Column) Plumbing & Heating Pipe Sizing Software. Using a measuring tape or caliper, you find that the length of the tube is 10 meters. This spreadsheet accompanies the blog entry by the same title. Max. The calculator can be used for computation of pipe diameter when the flow rate is known. Using the formula: Pipe Size = (500 × 2. Blowdown can be a hazardous operation and the estimation of the blowdown rate and the blowdown time should be understood nd accounted for. Vp = pi * 2*2*10 = 125. ΔP T =ΔP f +ΔPS. l. 5 psi to a final pressure of 0. r – is the inner radius of the pipe. 4(1. 81 m/s2. Natural Gas Laboratory Consumption vs. As per section 501-III-1 (b): Safe Distance (R) = Rs(2TNT)1/3 . 45 Pressure drop of a steam flow rate “m ton/h” in a carbon steel pipe with nominal diameter “dn”, schedule “Sch” and absolute rugosity “Rabs”. The required orifice size to discharge ½ the treatment volume in 60 hours or more. Gas Pipeline Blowdown Time Calculator 1. Pipe Size. Press to calculate the Volume: 4. A. pressure drop 0. Pump head and flow. The spreadsheet is available for purchase and contains inputs for pipeline parameters and calculations for flow rate. ρ=specific gravity in kg/m3. 03612729 psi 1 psi = 27. This calculation program on Excel makes it possible to dimension and carry out the calculation of the pressure losses on the distribution systems of gas. Natural Gas Pipes - Minimum Cover Burial dept and minimum cover of underground natural gas pipes. π – is a constant estimated to be 3. D-D/2 Taps: L 1 = D 1, L 2 = D 1 /2. There are various exports including calculation spreadsheets, a bill of materials, PDF, AutoCAD Compressibility Factor Calculator for Excel. Our gas leak rate calculator determines whether the flow of Calculate single phase gas pipeline pressure loss using the Darcy Weisbach equation. 25 This category includes pipe flow rate measurement Excel spreadsheet templates for orifice meter calculations, including use as a liquid or gas flow rate calculator, to calculate the pressure difference, to calculate the required orifice diameter. 1/4 inch steel pipe 1 inch steel pipe 3/4 inch steel pipe 1/2 inch steel pipe 3/8 inch steel pipe 1/4 inch steel pipe 40mm PE pipe 32mm PE pipe 25mm PE pipe 20mm PE pipe 16mm PE pipe. 22 miles , 5, 5 and 6 internal segment intervals respectively, assumed the 1085 and 1010 See full list on engineeringexcelspreadsheets. 69 x 106)1/6 = 48. The upper threshold for gas velocity is roughly determined by the erosion velocity, derived from the API 14E empirical equation and reformulated utilizing gas law equations. The result shows the mass flow, standard flow volume, and compressed flow volume. E is the pipeline efficiency. D. The calculator is not for pulsating flow, or non-steady flow when the flow rate is changing in time. Liquid Weight = \ Volume\ \times \ Liquid\ Density V olume × Liquid Density = \ 0. The sample calculations, equations and spreadsheets were developed using examples published in the GPSA Engineering Data Book a as a service to the gas processing industry. r is the radius of the pipe’s internal diameter (in meters, feet, inches Gas Pressure Drop Calculation Results Tapping "Calculate Pressure Drop" calculates the total pressure loss for the specified gas flow rate (in mass flow, standard flow volume, or compressed flow volume at the entry pressure). If the gas flow is subsonic, then P2=P3. in the sale of natural gas. Houston, TX 77039-1918. Enter the Length in FEET: 3. The NRCS time of concentration. One MBH is equivalent to 1000 BTU's per hour (0. It now is available for download in both Mac and Windows desktop Pipe Volume = \ 0. This Excel spreadsheet calculates the compressibility factor for natural gas using the Dranchuk-Abou-Kassem correlation. While every effort has been made to present accurate Gas from wells defined as high cost gas wells under Section 107 of the old Federal Natural Gas Policy Act (NGPA) may be eligible for a state severance tax reduction or exemption. During blowdown the pressure in the gas pipeline decreases and the flow at the minimum area or restriction in the blowdown or vent pipe remains choked until the pressure ratio becomes less than critical. Then the flow is no longer choked and remains subsonic until Jul 12, 2024 · Natural gas converter. 028 in3. Imperial Metric. π has a constant value of 22/7 (3. This formula is derived from the cylinder volume formula, which can also be used if you know the radius of the pipe. Jun 2, 2013 · For high-pressure blowdown, sonic flow accounts for most of the blowdown time. Example #2: Estimate the entrance length for water at 60oF flowing at a rate of 0. 15 K), you can calculate actual volume flow rate for pressure and temperature that is actually in the pipe (for example, the real pressure and temperature in the pipeline is p=30 psi and t=70 F). Sg = specific gravity of a gas relative to air = ratio of molecular weight of the gas to that of air. online Nov 3, 2011 · OK, trying to answer some of my own questions, I modeled it as a zero elevation 30" pipeline with 0. Popular categories of units can be found on ribbon, select cell, choose units and you have your answer. to calculate Max. Pump head and flow for a specific pipeline. All units button will show the full list of 1500+ registered units. " However, we do make available here the relevant section from the 2001 edition containing these tables expressly covering the flow of natural gas in pipes (Tables 4. l s = e s 2 - 1 s s. 8/9/2017 excel spreadsheet for natural gas pipeline flow calculations Low Cost Easy to Use Spreadsheets for Engineering Calculations Available at Engineering Excel Spreadsheets At Engineering Excel Spreadsheets, we have low cost, easy to use spreadsheets for engineering calculations, including pipe flow, flow measurement, stormwater measurement, heat transfer coefficients, open channel flow Intended for use in making natural gas pipeline design calculations, you can buy a convenient natural gas pipeline flow calculation spreadsheet for a very reasonable price. Guess a value of Re, Calculate C and Q. ASPE’s popular Plumbing Engineering & Design Tables App offers in one convenient place all of the equations, pipe sizing data, and background information that plumbing system designers need to successfully complete design and installation projects on a daily basis. s s = ( z 2 - z 2) S G. 14159. h2x offers a solution to the traditional design method of manual, tedious, and time-consuming tasks. π x Radius2 x Length (3. e s = e s s. L – is the length of the pipe. All information and calculation formulae has been compiled and edited in cooperation with the GPA Midstream Association. h = 2r – y. e loss across the system) as 1Note: the PDC can be made. 0314\ \times \ 997 = 31. . 6. Gas Flowrate, Q. Total pressure drop. This web application does the Natural Gas Pipeline Sizing calculation based on General flow equation, AGA, Weymouth, Panhandle-A, Panhandle-B, IGT equation. Calculates gas density, standard and line compressibility, and heating value. This spreadsheet makes calculations with the Weymouth equation, the Panhandle A equation, and the Panhandle B equation, and is available in either U. A spreadsheet for Natural Gas Pipeline Flow Calculations is partially shown in the image below. 9 Votes. gas = (0. Design engineers need to ensure code compliance with readable, auditable calculation reports. This calculator also calculates total pressure drop created by the nozzle. 1. If you have not been given the inner radius but you have the outer radius, subtract the walls width from the outer radius to get the inner radius. 5 · ln ( Pa / Pb ) The sample calculations, equations and spreadsheets were developed using examples published in the GPSA Engineering Data Book a as a service to the gas processing industry. 46) for your reference purposes. Standards in use are AGA8, ISO6976 and GPA2172. To calculate the volume of a cylinder, you can use the PI function together with the exponent operator (^). It includes formulas to calculate GasCalc is an Excel based menu driven natural gas piping design programme. The programme is suitable for all common gas piping materials and pipe diameters up to 200 mm. With our gas tube trailer calculator you can easily convert your measurements into metric and determine volume equivalents using our resource tables. Gas Data. The purpose of the handbook is to promote a. F84-67. The Weymouth equation is: Where: Q is the natural gas pipeline flow rate in SCFD. May 31, 2023 · Calculating the safe distance (R) in accordance with equation below. With the calculator, you can convert between mass and volume flow rate (liquid or gas phase). Volume of a Pipeline in gallons & bbls. f = friction factor. ΔP button. ΔP f =pressure drop due to friction in Pa. Natural Gas Piping - Sizing vs. electric power sector consumption in 2022; preliminary) kilowatthours Btu megajoules million calories. May 9, 2018 · Water Hammer is a pressure surge or wave that occurs when there is a sudden momentum change of a fluid within an enclosed pipeline system. 142. Use C and Q to calculate Re. 9 kPa) pipe line with a small pressure loss can be calculated with the Spitzglass formula. Determine the control valve flow coefficient (Cv) for Liquid, Gas, or Steam services with our Excel calculation tool. I. If the gas flow is sonic (choked), then P2 ≥ P3. The steam inlet pressure is “pin_g bar (g)”. Pipe Volume. s NG (natural gas). Pressure Drop Online-Calculator Calculation of pressure drops of flowing liquids and gases in pipes and pipe elements (laminar and turbulent flow). 1. µ = viscosity of gas, (0. Natural Gas - Equipment Consumption Natural gas consumption for equipment like boiling pans, ovens, cookers, kettles and more. This programme is designed to size low pressure natural gas pipe from the gas meter to various gas appliances. In the pipe volume formula: V is the pipe volume. Calculate the blow down down (or depressurization time) for a long distance natural gas pipeline. 0314\ \times\ 61020 = 1916. where : Po = outlet pressure. P 1 is the inlet pressure in psia. Capacity Sizing low pressure natural gas pipe lines - Metric units. Our natural gas converter is a unique but swiftly straightforward tool. The calculation is instantaneous. Calculate. You can use either formula to get the same results. For natural gas the nominal BTU/ft3 varies from about 900 to 1100 BTU/ft3. Z R o T π 2 D 4 e s. NatGas Conference Call Schedule; North America Pipeline Map; Mexico Pipeline Map; Download NGI Excel Add-in. L is the length of the pipe. using the Lee, Gonzalez and Eakin correlation Download Gas Pipeline Blowdown Time Calculator 1. Blow down down (or depressurization time) for a long distance natural gas pipeline. . essure appear in red in the column “Y”. 0314 × 61020 = 1916. Friction losses are calculated using specialist compressible isothermal flow equations (including the General Fundamental Flow equation, Complete Isothermal Flow equation, AGA Flow equation The following formulas are used for the Line Pack calculation for each pipeline content type. Annual; Company-level supply and disposition; Release date: September 29, 2023 Annual company-level supply and disposition data for all natural gas local distribution companies in the United States. Reference: May 4, 2018 · The required storage volume for a 2 to 50 year storm event in all 11 FDOT zones. 050 lbm/ft3. 65)(0. Since the value of stored energy is 224,057,795 J the safe distance to be maintained as per this section is 60m. L D + K) l s 16 m m a. There are many pipelines within a plant or localized area, and along the pipelines between distant points are stations that have piping systems necessary for some pipeline element such as a compressor station. units. Online calculator to quickly determine Pressure Loss through Piping for Gas. 5 inWC, over a distance of 50 feet, from an initial pressure of 0. 182114992-126999549-Pressure-Testing-and-Purging-Calculator-xls-xls - Free download as Excel Spreadsheet (. t = ( ( B · V ) / ( Cd · Av ) ) · ( γ / ( z · T ) ) 0. ΔP automatically by clicking the Calc. of Outlets Oct 3, 2016 · Z is the compressibility factor of the natural gas at pipeline T & P; D is the pipeline diameter in inches. 29 kW = 0. 69 x 106. If you’re ready to dive in, here are 4 Excel templates you can download for free and start using today. Fluid Flow. Unit conversion in Petroleum Office is based on UnitConverter () Excel function which is part on add-in function library. To solve t. Solve ForGas FlowrateInlet PressureOutlet Pressure. Units are indicated generically with "u", and the resulting volume is units cubed (u3). no. 1 kilowatthour = 3,412 Btu ( standard conversion factor) cubic feet Btu megajoules cubic meters. 45 psi. Pipe diameter. 8 cfs through a 6 inch diameter pipe (the flow conditions of Example #1). In the example shown, the formula in D5, copied down, is: =PI()*B5^2*C5 which returns the volume of a cylinder with the radius given in column B and the height given in column C. S. pdf), Text File (. The pressure in the line is 100 psia, and the temperature is 60 ° F. Mar 22, 2024 · To calculate the radius simply divide by 2 to get 2m. -11/26/2018 10:33:00 PM. ix May 5, 2020 · May 5, 2020. q = 3550 k ( h / l SG) 1/2 (1) where. Number. It can be used to calculate the natural gas pipeline flow rate with the Feb 20, 2024 · Example of Natural Gas Pipe Sizing Calculator. 573 gas gravity, used 3 pipeline segments of 20, 20 and 23. Gas service in buildings is generally delivered in the low pressure range of 7 in. S G. For NG installations this is 1 mbar if OP ≤ 25 mbar and 10 %. Calculate the inner diameter of the pipe by measuring the distance from one inside edge, across the center, and to the opposite inside edge. If you want to convert from one energy unit to another energy unit, type in the number in This tool calculates the operating gas velocity within the pipeline. 14) Formula to Calculate Volume of a Pipe. Users can select items from from the pipe database, fitting database, and fluid database, and this data can then be used in the calculation. This document discusses an Excel spreadsheet for calculating natural gas pipeline flow rates. e residual head will be 0 at the BP level. m m a. Pressure drop. The pipe is located at a hight above sea level “H m. Use the same units (inches or millimeters) to May 11, 2024 · Formula of Pipeline Volume Calculator. Search and copy required abbreviation. Jun 16, 2023 · Calculate. For example, if the pipe network between the tank with a constant pressure of 2 bar and the pipe is open to the atmosphere with an overpressure of 0 bar, then it can be assumed that in the nodes in the pipe network the pressures will be from 1. The formula that you can use to measure the volume of a pipe is: V = π⋅ (D/2)²⋅L. pressure-drop. Online calculators are free with limited functionality. Gas discharge is to ambient conditions at pressure P3. All you have to do is enter the quantity in the unit of your choice and make sure you select the proper unit for the output. Download also: FM200 and CO2 calculation software. g R o T Z. 5 = 4. Annual Natural gas (95 percent methane and 5 percent ethane, by volume) flows through a 36-inch diameter pipeline at a velocity of 10 ft / s. Air Force under project order No. Use the calculator below to calculate flow through an orifice plate from a known pressure difference. Average Temperature. Increase the rated PN of the pipe, this modification should be chosen as the last resort as it will strongly increase the co. By EngineerExcel. This commonly occurs in pipelines when a valve is closed suddenly at the end of a pipeline where the velocity of the fluid is high. ISO 5167 or ASME equations are used to calculate the orifice coefficient. Enter the I. 1415 x radius2 x Length) 1. specific gravity of natural gas 0. 9 bar to 0. 3058\ kg 0. Btu per cubic foot of natural gas delivered to consumers by state and other components of consumption for U. f/2=friction factor, f is Fanning friction factor. Natural Gas Piping - Sizing of Low Pressure Pipes vs. ej kp ms ox sq ri em or cb vo