Basic lathe operations • Describe other attachments for the lathe. Identify engine lathe components. Facing. Turning. Taper turning; Step Sep 28, 2023 · A wide array of operations is employed when utilising the lathe machine, and among the most commonly used lathe operations are: Facing; Turning; Taper turning; Parallel Turning; Parting; Chamfering; Thread cutting ; Boring; Drilling; Reaming; Knurling; Fig 2: Lathe Machine operations. production lathes with complete automatic control. Now, let’s will list out the Basic operations on a lathe machine. A master tool and die maker once told me a lathe is the only piece of shop equipment that can remanufacture itself. The operator must know the basic personal protective equipment needed to effectively operate a lathe safely. It describes the main parts of a lathe including the bed, headstock, tailstock, and carriage. The document describes the procedure for performing a facing operation on a lathe. The Lathe is such a versatile machine that it can produce another lathe. Mar 14, 2024 · Here is a step-by-step guide on what a Lathe works, from setup to operation: Setting Up The Lathe Machine. With over 20 years of industry experience, Luke brings real-world insights and practical tips to help machinists of all levels improve their skills. 18 A lathe is a machine that helps in shaping up different materials and performing various operations such as: turning, facing, thread cutting, taper turning, knurling, parting off and more. Jan 24, 2025 · A lathe machine is a fundamental tool in metalworking, used to shape, drill, and thread materials with precision. This adds versatility, enabling more complex operations, such as milling or drilling at specific angles. Older lathes require manual operations but CNC lathes Mar 14, 2024 · 3. • The lathe’s tool holder is attached to the tool post using a quick release lever. Learn not only May 20, 2019 · 6. It describes the main components of a lathe including the bed, headstock, spindle, carriage, saddle, cross-slide, compound, toolpost, and tailstock. Read more about Jordyn Parker - Haas Basic Lathe Operator Feedback; Elliot Moreno - Haas Basic Lathe Operator Feedback Submitted by hst_api_user on Fri, 03/28/2025 - 06:42. What to do with your lathe in the first few hours of operation!! Understand the essential functionality, Head Stock, Spindle Speeds, Gearbox Settings, Lead Lathe Operations. The result is a workpiece with a uniform diameter along its length. This course covers numerous topics in lathe operation not covered by the basic courses. Sep 22, 2023 · What are the basic parts of a metal lathe? The basic parts of a metal lathe include the headstock, tailstock, carriage, cross slide, compound rest, and cutting tool. Some of the common lathe operations are: Mar 7, 2019 · If you want to use a lathe machine to shape your workpiece easily, cheaply, and speedily… then you need to know about the most essential types of lathe machine operations. Oct 18, 2009 · LATHE OPERATIONS. Figure 3: Workpiece in Lathe Installing a Cutting Tool • Tool holders are used to hold lathe cutting tools. Engine Lathe Operation 261 Engine Lathe Operation serves as a guide for manually machining various features onto a workpiece. G02 G03 Example CNC Mill CNC Part Program G0 X30 Y-30 (P1) G1 Y22. Set up basic lathe operations 7. Setting up a lathe machine involves several key steps to ensure proper operation. 0 Lathe Operations In order to perform operations in lathe, Sep 22, 2023 · Metal lathes come in various sizes, from small benchtop lathes for hobbyists and DIY enthusiasts to large industrial lathes used in heavy-duty metalworking operations. One of the most important techniques is knowing how to properly set speeds and feeds. This is using for small and precision work. 07 Y26. Every lathe has a bed, sometimes flat, other times roughly V-shaped. Please support this work on Patreon:https://www. CIMM 160 - Advanced Lathe Operations - 4. Lathe is a machine tool which causes workpiece to revolve so that when cutting tool comes in contact with the workpiece it removes the metal in the form of chips. What Are The 5 Basic Machining Operations Of A Lathe Machine? A lathe machine’s five basic machining operations include turning, facing, drilling, boring, and threading. For more about the open source machine tools project, please go Similar Lathe: https://amzn. Dec 8, 2013 · Lathes are one of the earliest and most important machine tools, capable of turning, facing, boring, drilling, threading, knurling, and other operations. 00 credits. Turning and other lathe operations are the most common machining applications. Types of Lathe Operation . Practice precision and control when executing these basic lathe cuts to achieve smooth finishes and accurate dimensions. How a Metal Lathe Works. com/QuinnDunkiWa A metal lathe is one seriously versatile machine, and turning is considered one of the 3 core machining operations. The tool operates by moving along the side of the workpiece. The various operations that we perform on the lathe are: 1. See full list on theengineerspost. Lathe operations encompass a range of machining techniques conducted on a lathe machine, a versatile tool used for shaping, cutting, drilling, and turning various materials like metal, wood, and plastics. The basic lathe machine operations are as follows:-Turning is an essential and important lathe operation. . With every cut desired the speed, depth and feed of the lathe machine is changed for precision. Each of these jobs that the lathe can do is called an operation. Read more about Elliot Moreno - Haas Basic Lathe Operator Feedback Part 4: Basic Machine Parts Part 5: Using the Chuck Part 6: Moving the X and Y Axis Part 7: Setting RPM values for the Chuck Part 8: Cutting Tools Part 9: Lathe Operations and Cut Types Part 10: Using the Clutch to Activate the Lathe Part 11: Measurements and DRO Part 12: Lubrication Part 13: REVIEW Part 14: HANDS-ON USE OF MACHINE Apr 24, 2015 · Lathes are one of the earliest and most important machine tools, capable of turning, facing, boring, drilling, threading, knurling, and other operations. Advanced techniques are key to successful metal lathe operation. Note: Only #5 and #8 may be moved while the lathe is in motion. A few basic operations allow the lathe to do these when drilling and shaping pieces. It’s also essential in holding the tools when performing a drilling operation, reaming operation, turning operation, knurling operation, and other operations in the machine. Basic lathe operation 1. Manufacture parts and components precisely and safely with the right training courses. This is a video on basic metal lathe operations such as marking center, facing and turning. 3) The basic parts of a center Nov 9, 2024 · How to operate a lathe？In this blog, I will explain a few knowledge points for you to operate a lathe novice. Invented in the 1820s, duplicating lathes were primarily used for mass production of gun stocks. After the training, the participants must be able to: Jan 10, 2021 · Facing process in the lathe machine is the basic and easy operation that can be performed, it is the process of decreasing the length of the workpiece (wood or iron) by feeding it through the face as shown in the figure. Jun 21, 2021 · This document discusses lathe operations and provides details on various operations like facing, turning, knurling, parting off, drilling, boring, thread cutting, and taper turning. Apr 26, 2020 · A duplicating or copying lathe is a special type of lathe machine which produces a piece with a shape and size based on an existing template. Modern lathes offer a variety of rotating speeds and a means to manually and automatically move the cutting tool into the workpiece. There are many lathe accessories provided by the lathe manufacturer along with the lathe, which support the lathe operations. Because of the heavyweight of the components, saddle-type lathe operations are slower than ram-type lathe operations. 3. A lathe can drill, ream, turn, knurl, cut and shape cylindrical parts. Jan 31, 2025 · In this new series, Luke Niels from Crusader Machining dives deep into CNC lathe machining, covering everything from machine setup and programming to turning, threading, and advanced operations. It details the requirements for performing simple CNC lathe operations such as facing, straight and contour turning, cutting grooves, drilling, boring, and thread cutting Aug 28, 2023 · 1. Sep 10, 2023 · The operation panel of a CNC lathe is a crucial component of the CNC machine tool, serving as a tool for operators to interact with the system. 1 Introduction. It is usually the first step of operation used in creating internal features which will further require other operations for refining. Turning is the most common lathe machining operation. 4. The variation of tool ends and a kinematic relation between the tool and workpiece results in different operations on a lathe. Most basic lathes are 2-axis machines, utilizing just the Z and X axes. Deutschland Standard Equipment - Basic Plus - Basic 170 Super - Basic 170 Super Pro • For models: - Basic 170 Super / Pro - - Basic 180 V a) Crankshaft lathe: is especially used for turning crankshafts. B. Learn how to perform facing, turning, and tapering operations accurately. Centering operation in the lathe: We use this operation for producing a conical hole in the face of the job to make the Jun 7, 2024 · The operation is a lathe machining process that uses mechanical tools to cut threads. It’s a cornerstone in manufacturing, capable of performing operations like cutting, sanding, knurling, drilling, or deformation, turning raw material into precise components with incredible accuracy. They ensure a safe working environment and protect the operator's well-being. In this operation tool holder carrying the tool moves along the length of the workpiece, hence the work piece is machined on a plane parallel to its axis and the diameter of the workpiece remains constant throughout the length. Mini-lathes have become the favorites of hobbyists and smaller operations where space is at a premium. At the opposite end of the lathe bed, you’ll find the tailstock. Adjusting the spindle speed and the feed rate can help prevent tool breakage and ensure a smoother finish on the workpiece. Perform basic Feb 16, 2020 · 2. At SC Training, lathe courses are packed with features that aid in grasping the technical know-how on operating lathes safely and efficiently. A basic wood lathe consists of a bed, headstock, tailstock, and tool rest. • To install, clean the holder and tighten the bolts. This course aims to provide Engineering crew knowledge, skills and safe work practices in operating a lathe machine, it includes tool bit ginding and drilling to enhance the technical skills required May 8, 2018 · The lathe is used to cut cylinders, tapers and threads on the inside or outside of the workpiece. These tools are crucial in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and construction, where metal components play a vital role in the finished product. Here are the functions of each of these parts. Lathe Turning - Workholding & Set Up Revi Lathe Machine Operations. Identify machine accessories. There are a lot of operations used for using the lathe machine. It is carried on lathe to get rid of burrs, sharp corners and the trail marks on workpiece while also in an attempt to drag it to the size by eliminating even the smallest metal traces. patreon. Sep 17, 2023 · Definition: Straight turning is the most basic and common lathe operation. Basic structure and operation of the lathe 1) Introduction to the main parts of the lathe (spindle, bed, tool holder, tailstock, etc. • Perform grinding operations on a lathe. • Explain how and when to use mandrels. There is a lot of operations used for using the lathe machine. Machining Operations and Order Apr 13, 2017 · The document discusses the principle parts and operations of a lathe machine tool. 18 R4 (P3) G2 X-18. It involves mounting a cylindrical workpiece between centers and using a single-point cutting tool to face the end. Turning -- cutting down the outside of the work-piece to make it a smaller diameter. Basic Lathe operations. Pre-Operation Inspection. com • Facebook: KNUTH. The most common lathe operations are turning, facing, grooving, parting, threading, drilling, boring, knurling, and tapping. Turning is the most common operation performed on the lathe. 5. Figure 4: Installing a Cutting Tool Lathe Trainer Script - Occupational Safety and Health Lathe Operations. Bench lathe is a small lathe usually mounted on a bench. Drilling. Whether or not the statement is factual is not important. To operate the lathe first, you must know the feed rates, cutting speed, depth of cut, and how the tool is used. The operations performed in a lathe can be understood by three major categories. This is Lathe Skills, a multi-part series to help you learn basic machine shop work. Each lathe operation has its own factors that must be considered before starting work. 2. How do you properly set up a metal lathe? To set up a metal lathe, start by ensuring the lathe is level and secure. Speed lathe is the simplest of all types of lathe in construction and operation. 2 Check that all electrical facilities, handles, transmission parts, guards, and limit devices are complete, reliable, and flexible. BASIC LATHE OPERATIONS Author: SD23-User Last modified by: G Wellwood Created Date: 8/27/2008 7:10:18 PM Document presentation format: On-screen Show (4:3) Company: SD23 Other titles: Arial Calibri Default Design BASIC LATHE OPERATIONS PowerPoint Presentation 1. b) Wheel lathe: is which is of large design, is especially used for finishing the journal and for turning the locomotive driving wheels. In this process, the workpiece is rotated about its axis, and a single-point cutting tool is moved parallel to the workpiece axis to remove material and create a cylindrical shape. Mar 28, 2025 · Jordyn Parker - Haas Basic Lathe Operator Feedback Submitted by hst_api_user on Fri, 03/28/2025 - 06:42. 1 Add appropriate lubricating oil and grease according to the machine lubrication chart. Nowadays, there are duplicating lathes that are suitable for both metalworking and woodworking. The lathe spins your workpiece at high speed, and you can bring a wide variety of tools against the material to cut and shape metal in lots of different ways, including facing, threading, boring and creating grooves, threads, and tapers. Nov 22, 2023 · In contrast, traditional engine lathes have been mostly relegated to short runs, repair work, and secondary operations. May 29, 2024 · Learn the components of your lathe. 67 (P2) G3 X24. The various important lathe operations are depicted in Fig. Vertical turret lathes are also short, heavy, workpieces with diameters as large as 102m. What type of lathe cutting operation establishes a part's length by passing the cutting tool along the end of the workpiece? Straight turning is one of the fundamental operations performed on a lathe, and it’s often used to create basic cylindrical shapes like shafts, rods, and pins. It also holds the chuck and collet, which are used for workholding. UNIT OF COMPETENCY : Perform Basic CNC Lathe Machine Operations UNIT CODE : MEE821303. Metal spinning, thermal spraying, woodturning, and metalworking are the common operations performed with a lathe machine. operations on a lathe. The basic lathe that was designed to cut cylindrical metal stock has been developed further to produce screw threads, tapered work, drilled holes, knurled surfaces, and crankshafts. de • www. Lathe Machine vs Mill CNC Milling Machine Dec 13, 2015 · The document discusses the basic components and operations of a lathe machine. The important lathe accessories include centers, catch plates and carriers, chucks, collets, face plates, angle plates, mandrels, and rests. Straight turning is also called cylindrical turning. Perform basic Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like what type of shape parts does a lathe produce?, what is the component that clamps a workpeice to the lathe?, what component rotates the workpiece in a basic lathe operation while a cutting tool shaves off layers of material? and more. Types of Lathe Operation. Although there are several other types of LATHES, this document will focus only on the manual lathe. One of its basic functions includes providing support on the other end of the workpiece during lathe operations. These operations include turning, which produces cylindrical shapes, facing for flat surfaces, and taper turning for tapered shapes. A lathe is a tool utilized to perform various functions like turning, cutting, drilling, grooving, knurling, parting, threading etc. First, you need to set up the lathe and the cutting tool according to your project. You will see that the lathe is veery versatile – that means it can do many different things, and do them well. com Mar 18, 2021 · Basic Lathe Operations – Facing, Turning, Taper Turning, Parting Off | CNCLATHING 2021. Basic Lathe Operations | Lathe operation Explained. Mount the workpiece into the headstock of the lathe using a holder called the “jaw chuck. Check your lathe’s manual for specific instructions, but generally this will involve adjusting the speed and position of the cutting tool. 3. The type of machine in the WSUTC Mechanical Engineering Machine Shop is a manual lathe, also known as a tool room lathe. (sur)Facing -- cutting material off the front surface of the work-piece to flatten or shape it. Mastering basic cuts on a metal lathe is essential for any beginner. Perform metal removing operations such as turning, facing, drilling, grooving, turning between center, and threading. CENTER DRILLING PowerPoint Presentation 3. The general operations done with the lathe are Lathe Machine Operations. A lathe machine can do the following: Mar 21, 2023 · The basic function of the tailstock is: To support the other end of the work when being machined. d) Precision Lathe: The precision turning of previously rough-turned workpieces. Some of the common lathe operations are: #1. (a), (b) and (c). (a) Operations, which can be performed in a lathe either by holding the workpiece between centers or by a chuck are: A video overview of the essential skills involved in working metal with a lathe. The tailstock Apr 15, 2024 · Basic Cuts. Practice safe lathe operations with lathe training courses. Safety protocols for a lathe operator are critical to prevent accidents, injuries, and fatalities by minimizing exposure to hazards associated with the operation of lathes, such as entanglement, cuts, and flying debris. The basic elements of a lathe include the bed, headstock, tailstock, carriage, saddle, and tooling such as the cross slide and compound rest. The headstock holds the parts that control the speed of the lathe, as well as the threading controls. Operating the Manual Lathe: The following outlines basic operation and etiquette for milling parts on the manual lathe. Apr 17, 2018 · Lathe machine operations - Download as a PDF or view online for free capstan, turret, special purpose, automatic, and CNC lathes. These are used either for holding and supporting the work or for holding the tool. +49 04321 / 609-0 • info@knuth. • Properly set up steady and follower rests. In this article, let’s unveil the world of metal lathes, guiding you through its basics and introducing you to essential Metal Lathe operations. This course aims to provide knowledge, understanding, and practical applications for engine personnel using lathe machines with tool bit grinding and drilling, leadings to competent skills in lathe machine operations. to/3WFuF6yNot exactly the same. Lathe Machine Operations. In this lesson of Module 7, we are going to see some of the many things that a lathe can do. • Describe how filing and polishing operations are performed on a lathe. The initial step in most lathe operations involves Feb 18, 2024 · To perform a basic turning operation on a metal lathe, start by setting the lathe to the appropriate spindle speed for the material you are working on. It explains the basic principles and methods for each operation. Then, the workpiece is securely fixed to the lathe spindle for stable rota CHECK OUT OUR FULL VIDEO LIBRARY ON OUR YOUTUBE CHANNEL: Smithy YouTube Channel Best Practices - Lathe Turning Introduction to standard metal lathe operations. The job rotates about its own axis, but the tool (drill) is fit into the tailstock instead of the toolpost. The engine lathe is an accurate and versatile machine on which many operations can be performed. Speed lathe machine. Also Read: What is Wrench and Its Uses? What is Lean Manufacturing? Sheet Metal Operations: Definition and Types; Basic Operations on a Lathe Machine: On a lathe machine, various operations can be performed accurately and with efficiency. Training Outcome/s. This article will provide an introductory overview of the basic operation of a metal lathe. A lathe does its job by spinning a workpiece at high speed. The tool is fed outward from the center to cut the face flat. Filling:-This is said to be concluding procedure which comes into the picture right after turning. Basic Lathe Machine Operation. Boring -- cutting or drilling a hole into the center of the work-piece. Milling machines are best for milling, contouring, drilling, and more. • The tool post is attached to the machine with a T-bolt. Once the tools are set and machine is started it performs all the operations to finish the job. Turning is a popular name for machining on a lathe. Jan 30, 2020 · In the drilling operation that we perform on a lathe machine, the job rotates while the tool stays still. This unit covers the skills required to perform basic CNC lathe machine operations. The one in the video is from Harbor Freight, but i've heard the Vevor one works well for the pri Aug 29, 2020 · A lathe is capable of performing numerous machining operations to deliver parts with the desired features. What Are the 10 Basic Lathe Operations Used in Lathe? A lathe is a machine tool that’s capable of many operations. 1. A lathe is a machine that rotates the piece on the axis in order to perform various operations like cutting, facing, knurling, deformation, and more. • Turning Safety: Safety knowledge and practice is an important component for lathe operations. ) Dec 1, 2015 · The importance of mastering fundamental turning skills. knuth. At the engine end of the lathe, you’ll find the headstock. The class establishes principles of basic lathe operation and takes users through procedures for Mechanics Lathe 11 Basic Series Solid Precision Bench Lathes KNUTH Werkzeugmaschinen GmbH • Tel. It comprises three main sections: the power control area, the system control panel, and the machine tool control panel. ” Most of the modern mini-lathe come with a chuck guard. Identify types of lathes. The working of the lathe machine changes with every operation and cut desired. Use formulas to calculate speeds and feeds. They are used to produce accurate products made from metal, plastic, wood etc. Feb 3, 2018 · unique and irregular shapes. Spindle nose Mar 24, 2025 · This type of lathe is more heavily constructed and is used to machine large workpieces. It is tough to mentioned which operations are not performed in a lathe machine tool, though we discuss some important lathe operations in details. Nevertheless, turning is just one kind of lathe operation. Once you’ve set up your workspace, it’s time to get your lathe ready for operation. c) Axle lathe: is used for turning car axles. It then explains the various machine tool operations that can be performed on a lathe such as turning, facing, knurling, drilling, boring, threading, and parting. Here are the top 11 lathe machine operations used by thousands of professional machinists all around the world: Turning. Lesson 6 Lathe Operations LATHE OPERATIONS. lathe center runout, properly turning hard material and the effect of having the lathe tool above or below center. The spindle speed Lathe operations encompass a range of machining techniques conducted on a lathe machine, a versatile tool used for shaping, cutting, drilling, and turning various materials like metal, wood, and plastics. An introduction to basic metal turning concepts is provided, along with basic instructions on lathe operation. Sep 21, 2024 · Besides being able to do the basic lathe operations, it can also work with a block or roughcast workpiece. The headstock consists of the drive train, including the motor, pulleys, belts, and spindle, and for a right handed turner, will be located on the left end of the lathe. Turret lathes and special purpose lathes are usually used in production or job shops for mass production or specialized parts, while basic engine lathes are usually used for any Any lathe consists of the same basic components. The cutting tool is positioned at a slight angle to the workpiece, and as the workpiece rotates, the tool gradually removes material along the length of the workpiece. This operation is performed by feeding the tool perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the chuck. Prerequisites: CIMM 121 or concurrent enrollment. Basic concept of […] abhishek parashar June for MANUAL TOOLROOM LATHES REVISION: V5 DATE: 11-28-2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION TOPIC(S) PAGE Basic Capabilities 2 Basic Machine Parts 3 & 4 Manual Lathe Safety Rules 5 1 Three important elements 6 2 Common lathe cutting tools 6 3 Using a lathe chuck 8 4 Using the collet chuck 8 Oct 16, 2024 · Regular cleaning and maintenance keep the lathe in top condition, laying the groundwork for precise machining. List safety procedures. However, some advanced lathes incorporate a third axis known as the C-axis, which allows for rotary motion around the spindle. How to Improve Safety Protocols Skills Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like The X-DIAMETER MEASURE button is pushed to:, The Z-FACE MEASURE button is used for:, The most important thing to remember when indexing the turret: and more. Workpiece can be held securely and rigidly on the machine tool between centres or by means of chuck. Whether you're new to the lathe or just need a refresher course, WOOD magazine's Craig Ruegsegger covers the basic operation of this machine. Whereas in a drilling machine, the job stays still, and the tool rotates. 27… Feb 21, 2023 · A lathe machine is a machine that holds the workpiece on a chuck and tool on a toolpost, the lathe machine rotates the workpiece about an axis to perform different operations such as turning, facing, chamfering, thread cutting, knurling, drilling, and more with tools that are applied to the workpiece to design an object with symmetry about that axis. FACING PowerPoint Presentation 2. So, getting to know this versatile machine tool is an important first step for beginning machinists. Next, adjust the tool rest and workpiece to ensure proper alignment. Bench lathe machine. Small bench lathes are usually mounted on a sturdy bench or pedestal. It is the first operation that is done on the workpiece. The course is designed for students in the machining and manufacturing careers. Sep 22, 2023 · Tips for successful metal lathe operation. Figure 7: CNC Lathe 3. It is a machining operation that is done to produce flat surfaces at the ends of the workpiece. G02 G03 Circular interpolation CNC mill example program. The spindle threads through the headstock, and the workpiece mounts onto the spindle. The changing of tools, speeds and feeds are also done automatically. Firstly, place a lathe machine on a stable and level surface, preferably a workbench or a stand designed for lathe machines. • Demonstrate familiarity with industrial applications of the lathe. Sep 22, 2023 · It’s important to wear proper safety gear as well, such as gloves and ear protection. Position the cutting tool at the desired height and angle, then engage the lathe's automatic feed or manually feed the tool into the workpiece. A trained operator can accomplish more machining jobs with the engine lathe than with any other machine tool. This will include CNC Lathe as well as Manual Lathe. This piece is being prepared to be flipped around in the chuck Apr 7, 2024 · The basic steps involved in a turning operation are: Setup: The machinist begins by calibrating and setting up the CNC turning apparatus to ensure optimal performance. engine lathe (Figure 7-1) is ideally suited for this purpose. A metal lathe plays a key role in so many different machine shop jobs. 2. It consists of a bed , a head stock, a tail stock and a tool – post mounted on an adjustable slide. You can make most tools using these operations, allowing you to practice and understand how lathes operate. Turning is the process of shaping or sizing the workpiece by removing material, while facing involves cutting a flat surface perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Quality is ensured by using a sharp tool at the proper speed for the material. 6. This guide introduces its key components, basic operations, and essential safety and maintenance practices to help beginners operate it efficiently and confidently. Part 1 of 3. Straight Turning; the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic Feb 13, 2024 · A lathe is a machine tool primarily used to shape metal or wood by rotating the workpiece against a cutting tool. The process reduces the diameter of the workpiece to the required dimension. kgdche dytb tjn eoeni xuzqsqd vjr nfca kslia tzutjs svny rioeheq wdii ywqlxwnb fkxu zfelq